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Plantations depended on the free labor of the slaves. Indigo was a rich blue dye, mainly used for dyeing textiles. In the South, where farming was easier, colonists started large plantations to grow crops, such as tobacco, rice, and indigo. As they needed good ships for fishing, they started making them, becoming successful shipbuilders. They also became fishermen, fishing cod in the Atlantic Ocean and selling it to the European markets. Farming was difficult in the rocky soil of New England, so people grew only enough food for their families to live on. Learn MoreД®arly immigrants to America settled up and down the East Coast. They established Plymouth Colony.ДЄfter the Pilgrims, many more people flocked to the new colonies for religious reasons: About 200,000 Puritans emigrated from England during the years 1620 to 1641. Many were Separatists, who became known as the Pilgrims. In 1620, the ship landed at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts, carrying 102 passengers. To escape the situation in England, a small group of Separatists left Europe on the Mayflower ship. King James, who was the head of the Church of England, would not allow the Separatists to practice religion on their own. Some Puritans, called the Separatists, didn't want to belong to the Church of England at all anymore.

Some of the Anglicans, called Puritans, thought that there should be more distinction between their Church of England and the Catholic Church. In 17th century England, two groups of Christians, the Catholics and the Anglicans, were arguing over what religion and church should be the true church of England. Some colonies were formed because people wanted to escape religious persecution in Europe. This economic success gave England a powerful interest in protecting its foothold in the New World.

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By 1620, Jamestown plus other settlements that sprang up nearby had a population of about 4,000. With the profit, the colonists had the money to plant other crops, such as wheat, grapes, and corn, which is a food native to North America. They grew tobacco, which was sent back to England and sold for profit. But under the leadership of the colonist John Smith, the colony began to succeed. More than half of the settlers died in the first year because of the harsh winters, poor planning, and disease. And tragically, they hadn't anticipated how hard it would be to survive in the New World. The colonists were hoping to find gold easily, but didn't. It would become the first English colony to succeed in America, but its beginning was exceptionally difficult. The colony was named Jamestown after King James I and was located on the coast of what is now Virginia. In 1607, England sent 100 men to America to found a new colony.

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